The inorganic chloride test is a qualitative test used to check for the presence of chloride impurities in a sample. Chloride ions, if present, react with a suitable reagent such as silver nitrate to produce a characteristic precipitate of silver...

Total chromium testing in water is used to measure the overall amount of chromium present in a sample, including both Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Chromium may enter water from natural sources and industrial activities such as metal processing and leather tanning....

The viscosity of liquid fuel is tested to check its flow and thickness. In liquid fuel, viscosity is an important physical property because it effects on engine performance. The viscosity of oil is commonly determined using a kinematic viscometer. Here...

Gross Calorific Value (GCV), also known as the Higher Heating Value (HHV), is the total amount of heat energy released when a quantity of fuel is completely burned under standard conditions. It shows how much energy a fuel contains. A...